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Title Effect of Ultraviolet Irradiation and Persulfate Combined with Three-Dimensional Electrochemical Coagulation for Removal of Reactive Red 198 from Aqueous Solutions
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Rahimeh Fathikhah   , Fatemeh Ahmadizadeh , Mohammad Ahmadian * , Hiwa Hosseini , Davood Kalantar-Neyestanaki , Mohammad Azizi |
| Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran |
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Abstract: (33 Views) |
Background & objectives: Textile effluents are known to contain persistent organic compounds and toxic dyes, with Reactive Red 198 (RR198) being a common example. This study aimed to evaluate the removal of RR198 by utilizing an integrated process that combines ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, three-dimensional electrochemical coagulation, and persulfate oxidation.
Methods: This experimental study, conducted on a laboratory scale, investigated the effects of several key operational variables on the removal of RR198. These variables included pH (ranging from 3 to 9), contact time (10 to 100 minutes), persulfate concentration (250 to 1000 mg/L), nanoparticle concentration (250 to 750 mg/L), applied voltage (5 to 20 volts), and initial dye concentration (10 to 50 mg/L). The experiments were performed in a 1-L cylindrical three-dimensional electrochemical coagulation reactor, which was equipped with titanium electrodes and UV irradiation. Persulfate was added in batch mode, and the magnetic carbon nanoparticles were characterized prior to their use.
Results: Characterization of the nanoparticles confirmed their spherical morphology, with minimal aggregation and particle sizes ranging from 28.5 to 31 nm. Among the various single and combined treatment methods tested, the combined process of UV irradiation, electrochemical coagulation, nanoparticles, and persulfate demonstrated the best performance and was selected for optimization. Under optimal conditions-specifically, a pH of 5, persulfate concentration of 750 mg/L, nanoparticles at 500 mg/L, and an applied voltage of 10 V-the removal efficiency of RR198 reached 99.1%. This combined process also exhibited favorable kinetics and stability across the tested concentration range.
Conclusion: The integrated system combining UV irradiation, electrochemical coagulation, nanoparticles, and persulfate-an advanced oxidation/coagulation hybrid-effectively removes the recalcitrant dye RR198 from aqueous solutions. It shows promise for the treatment of textile effluents containing resistant organic pollutants.
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| Keywords: Reactive Red 198, Three-dimensional Electrochemical Coagulation, Textile Effluent, Magnetic Carbon Nanoparticles, Persulfate, Ultraviolet Irradiation |
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Full-Text [PDF 1017 kb]
(21 Downloads)
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Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
General
Received: 2025/12/20 | Accepted: 2025/10/2 | Published: 2025/10/2
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