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:: Volume 15, Issue 2 (summer 2024) ::
j.health 2024, 15(2): 247-261 Back to browse issues page
The Effect of Childbearing on the Participation of Married Women in the Labor Market of Iran
Simin Ghaderi* * , Mahdi Shahraki
Abstract:   (115 Views)
Background & objectives: Childbearing is a pivotal factor influencing women’s engagement in the labor market, particularly in countries like Iran, where socio-economic norms and cultural expectations significantly shape women's roles. While a decrease in birth rates and an increase in educational attainment among women are generally associated with enhanced labor market participation, the Iranian context presents a unique scenario. This study seeks to elucidate the effects of childbearing on the Female Labor Force Participation rate among urban households in Iran.
Methods: This research was conducted cross-sectionally at the national level, utilizing advanced statistical methods, specifically Probit and Probit with instrumental variable techniques, implemented through Stata 16 software. A robust dataset comprising 16,969 observations from various sections of the standard cost and income questionnaire of Iranian urban households was analyzed in 2023.
Results: The variable for childbearing had a negative coefficient of -2.28 for the total sample size. However, the coefficients for first and second childbearing were 2.20 and 2.17, respectively. An increase in the father's wage, household income, father's education, and mother's age, as well as owning a private house, having a child under two years old, and having an elderly person over 60 years old, all led to a decrease in the probability of Female Labor Force Participation in Iran.
Conclusion: The findings suggest that the birth of a third child or subsequent children has a negative impact on women's labor market participation, while the first two births appear to encourage employment. This challenges the common belief that having children reduces women's job opportunities in Iran, and proposes policies to increase childbearing for this purpose.
 
Keywords: Female Labor Force Participation, Childbearing, Child, Education, Instrumental Variables Probit
Full-Text [PDF 614 kb]   (53 Downloads)    
Type of Study: Research | Subject: General
Received: 2024/09/18 | Accepted: 2024/07/31 | Published: 2024/07/31
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Ghaderi* S, Shahraki M. The Effect of Childbearing on the Participation of Married Women in the Labor Market of Iran. j.health 2024; 15 (2) :247-261
URL: http://healthjournal.arums.ac.ir/article-1-2903-en.html
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Volume 15, Issue 2 (summer 2024) Back to browse issues page
مجله سلامت و بهداشت Journal of Health
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