---

Background & Objectives: Present study was conducted to survey the role of conscientiousness on job satisfaction and job stress considering mediating effect of perceived control. Methods: The statistical population of this study consisted all of Imam Reza hospital staff in Urmia, including nurses, GPs, specialists, and administrative staff. A sample of 248 individuals was chosen using stratified random sampling method. Data were gathered through standard questionnaires of Costa and Mc Crae’s conscientiousness, Brayfield & Roth’s job satisfaction, House and Rizzo’s Job Stress, and Tetrick & Larocco’s perceived control. Structural Equation Modeling was applied to evaluate relations between latent and measured variables in a conceptual model. Results: The results showed significant positive relationships between personality trait of conscientiousness and stress and Job Satisfaction. The results also showed that the relationship between personality traits of conscientiousness and Job Satisfaction and job Stress is mediated through perceived control. All regression weights were statistically significant in the concerned model. Conclusion: The results emphasize on necessity of reassessing the mediating role of perceived control on surveying the causal relation among personality traits of conscientiousness and its consequences.

---

Background & objectives: Sound and lighting are the deleterious effects of the physical environment as exposure to physical stressors act. Occupational stress in certain areas of life occurs and factors contribute to its creation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between these two factors, physical and psychological stress in dentistry in the city of Shiraz.

Methods: This descriptive study was conducted among 150 dentists in Shiraz; Samples were selected randomly. Data collection included job stress questionnaire, the scale and luxury m. Statistical analysis by Pearson correlation test, T-test of independent, Kruscal-Wallis Test and Mann-Whitney Test was performed using SPSS 16 software.

Results: The volume and intensity of lighting in public centers are more than private sectors. The stress in public sectors was more than private centers and the difference was statistically significant ((p=0.02 Sound of the workplace and job stress were associated with each other that the relationship is statistically significant (p=0.007 the relationship between age and work experience job stress was reversely related and statistically significant (p=2.02, 0.01). The lighting environment with job stress were not correlated significantly (p=0.02).

Conclusion: Stress in dental practice decreases quality and quantity of health care services. Therefore, identification of stress in dental and physical agents in the workplace, such as sound and lighting led activities to reduce the effects of stress and enhance the quality of services.

---

Background & objectives: Job stress in organizations is a situation in which requirements of the job do not match the capabilities of employee and can harm person physically and emotionally. However, stress is a psychological status that can cause symptoms such as increased heart rate, blood pressure and dizziness. The aim of this study was to assess work related stressors and demographic factors related to depression, stress, and anxiety in Islamabad Gharb health centers’ employees
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, all employees of hospital and healthcare centers in Islamabad Gharb were recruited. According to inclusion criteria, 158 employees participated in the study. Data collecting tools were Demographics, HSE Job stress and Depression, Anxiety and Stress (DASS21) questionnaires. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, Spearman correlation coefficient, and Mann Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests.
Results: There was a significant relationship between depression, anxiety,  stress and the dimensions of role, demand, communication, support by  colleagues and supervisors, control, and changes (p<0.05). The depression rate was higher in single employees than married ones (p=0.026). Employees who had a patient with sever condition at home had a higher stress and anxiety (p=0.045) 
Conclusion: The results show that work related stressors are related to depression, stress and anxiety in employees. Therefore, it is necessary to use proper solutions such as participating them in decision-makings and providing them enough time to do their task to eliminate job stress resources as possible

---

Background & objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between time management skills and job stress and indifference in employees of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences.
Methods: In terms of purpose, applied research is a descriptive-correlative information gathering method. The statistical population of this research is all employees of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences. Their number was 320 of whom 175 subjects were randomly selected by stratified random sampling method. The present study was conducted in two theoretical and practical sesctions. In the theoretical section, the necessary information obtaineby using standard library questionnaire and in the practical section for data collection, the standard time management questionnaire (2008) with a reliability of 0.88, occupational stress (RASL) with a reliability of 0.91, and organizational indifference with reliability of 0.85. Data analysis performed using SPSS by Pearson correlation coefficient and single sample T test.
Results: The results of this study shows when the the time management skills is high the job stress level is low.
Conclusion: The research results indicate a significant inverse association between time management skills (targeting, ranking priorities and prioritizing) and occupational stress and indifference in employees of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences.

---

Background & objectives: Psychological factors have a significant impact on development of disruptions as well as work-related accidents. Improving mental conditions and paying attention to these factors can increase the health of employees. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of occupational stress and mental workload on job performance of hospital personnel.
Methods: The study population was the personnel of educational hospitals in Larestan (Lar, Khonj and Ewaz), among them 289 people were selected from all occupational units based on the census method. The instruments used in this study were demographic characteristics questionnaire, OSIPOW Questionnaire, NASA-TLX and Paterson's Job Performance Questionnaire. For analyzing the data in SPSS-21 software, the Pearson correlation coefficient, Independent T-test and ANOVA were used.
Results: The average age of participants was 34.16±8.52. The results of the study showed that the average total score of mental workload and occupational stress were 63.28±18.01 and 151.45±25.96, respectively. Also, the frequency distribution of stress level and job performance in most personnel showed that they were at the normal and medium levels. There was a significant relationship between job type and income with total score of mental workloads (p<0.05). Pearson correlation coefficient showed a significant relationship between performance and job stress (p<0.05). In the study of the relationship between job stress and demographic variables, a significant relationship was found between gender variables and job stress (p<0.05). The correlation coefficient of job performance with job stress in hospital staff showed that there was a significant inverse relationship between these two variables, so that, with increasing job stress, job performance decreased.
Conclusion: The results of the research showed that the mental workload of nurses is high compared to the other occupations and when the job stress increases, the personnel performance decreases.
 

---

Background & objectives: Stress is a kind of physical or psychological exhaustion caused by real or imagined problems. Occupational stressors play a major role in influencing employees' actions by reducing focus and creating doubt. Three types of reaction time, including simple, diagnostic, and selective, are essential in the performance of various motor tasks.
Methods: This descriptive-analytic study was conducted cross-sectionally among 82 emergency personnel. Reaction time and job stress were measured using a reaction timer and the Iranian version of the HSE Job Stress Questionnaire, respectively. Data analysis was performed using SPSS-20, and a significance level of p<0.05 was considered.
Results: The mean values for job stress, simple reaction time, diagnostic reaction time, and selective reaction time in the study population were 125.51, 310.98, 473.50, and 453.82, respectively. An independent T-test indicated that gender does not affect occupational stress and reaction time. Additionally, according to the Pearson test, a significant inverse relationship was found between job stress and diagnostic and selective reaction times, indicating that as job stress increases (or stress reduces), a reduction in reaction time is observed (p<0.05). However, there was no significant relationship found between job stress and simple reaction time.
Conclusion: It is recommended that in jobs requiring high reaction time and accuracy, improving job performance by reducing individual stress should be prioritized. This approach can help prevent work-related accidents, which are sometimes caused by delayed responses. Additionally, it is advisable to monitor individuals not only through physical examination but also in terms of their mental and psychological conditions.